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Shahih Bukhari - 4732

Numbering per Fathul Bari in the app
Grade
See in app
Book
Wedlock, Marriage (Nikaah)
Chapter
Pendapat yang mengatakan Tidak ada nikah kecuali dengan wali

قَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ ح و حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَنْبَسَةُ حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّ النِّكَاحَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ كَانَ عَلَى أَرْبَعَةِ أَنْحَاءٍ فَنِكَاحٌ مِنْهَا نِكَاحُ النَّاسِ الْيَوْمَ يَخْطُبُ الرَّجُلُ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ وَلِيَّتَهُ أَوْ ابْنَتَهُ فَيُصْدِقُهَا ثُمَّ يَنْكِحُهَا وَنِكَاحٌ آخَرُ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يَقُولُ لِامْرَأَتِهِ إِذَا طَهُرَتْ مِنْ طَمْثِهَا أَرْسِلِي إِلَى فُلَانٍ فَاسْتَبْضِعِي مِنْهُ وَيَعْتَزِلُهَا زَوْجُهَا وَلَا يَمَسُّهَا أَبَدًا حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ حَمْلُهَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي تَسْتَبْضِعُ مِنْهُ فَإِذَا تَبَيَّنَ حَمْلُهَا أَصَابَهَا زَوْجُهَا إِذَا أَحَبَّ وَإِنَّمَا يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ رَغْبَةً فِي نَجَابَةِ الْوَلَدِ فَكَانَ هَذَا النِّكَاحُ نِكَاحَ الِاسْتِبْضَاعِ وَنِكَاحٌ آخَرُ يَجْتَمِعُ الرَّهْطُ مَا دُونَ الْعَشَرَةِ فَيَدْخُلُونَ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ كُلُّهُمْ يُصِيبُهَا فَإِذَا حَمَلَتْ وَوَضَعَتْ وَمَرَّ عَلَيْهَا لَيَالٍ بَعْدَ أَنْ تَضَعَ حَمْلَهَا أَرْسَلَتْ إِلَيْهِمْ فَلَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ أَنْ يَمْتَنِعَ حَتَّى يَجْتَمِعُوا عِنْدَهَا تَقُولُ لَهُمْ قَدْ عَرَفْتُمْ الَّذِي كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِكُمْ وَقَدْ وَلَدْتُ فَهُوَ ابْنُكَ يَا فُلَانُ تُسَمِّي مَنْ أَحَبَّتْ بِاسْمِهِ فَيَلْحَقُ بِهِ وَلَدُهَا لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَمْتَنِعَ بِهِ الرَّجُلُ وَنِكَاحُ الرَّابِعِ يَجْتَمِعُ النَّاسُ الْكَثِيرُ فَيَدْخُلُونَ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ لَا تَمْتَنِعُ مِمَّنْ جَاءَهَا وَهُنَّ الْبَغَايَا كُنَّ يَنْصِبْنَ عَلَى أَبْوَابِهِنَّ رَايَاتٍ تَكُونُ عَلَمًا فَمَنْ أَرَادَهُنَّ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِنَّ فَإِذَا حَمَلَتْ إِحْدَاهُنَّ وَوَضَعَتْ حَمْلَهَا جُمِعُوا لَهَا وَدَعَوْا لَهُمْ الْقَافَةَ ثُمَّ أَلْحَقُوا وَلَدَهَا بِالَّذِي يَرَوْنَ فَالْتَاطَ بِهِ وَدُعِيَ ابْنَهُ لَا يَمْتَنِعُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا بُعِثَ مُحَمَّدٌ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالْحَقِّ هَدَمَ نِكَاحَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ كُلَّهُ إِلَّا نِكَاحَ النَّاسِ الْيَوْمَ

Narrated ʿUrwa Bin Az-Zubair: ʿAishah, The Wife Of the Prophet (ﷺ) ___ has told him that; In fact in the time of Jahiliyah there were four types of marriage. First, it is marriage as people do today, that is, a man proposes to the woman's guardian, then gives her the dowry and marries her. The second form is; A husband said to his wife at a holy time (not menstruating / fertile), "Meet the Fulan and associate (intercourse) with him." While the husband stayed away from her for a while (did not receive her) until he was actually positively pregnant from the results of her intercourse with the man. And if tested positive for pregnancy, then the husband had sex with his wife if he likes. He did that, only to get good descendant. The term of this marriage is Al Istibdlaa 'Marriage. Then the third form; A group of people (less than ten) had sex with a woman. And if it turns out that the woman is pregnant and giving birth. So after several days had passed, the woman sent a letter to the group of men, and no one was allowed to refuse. Until they were gathered at the woman's place. Then the woman said, "You all know what your former business was. And I gave birth to your baby, then that child is your son o Fulan." Namely, the woman chose the name of one of those she liked, and the man who was appointed could not refuse. Then the fourth form; The crowd gathered, then intercourse with a woman, and no one can refuse those who have intercourse with the woman. Those women are prostitutes. They put signs on the doors of their homes as a sign, who wants them so he can come in and had sex with them. And when one of them got pregnant and gave birth, then they (the crowd) were gathered, then the people who were called experts in the nasab (Alqafah), and Al-Qafah was the one who gave the woman's child to the person he considered his father, so that the child is called as his child. And that person can't avoid it. So when the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) was sent to bring the truth, he also destroyed all forms of jahiliyah marriage, except marriage which is carried out by people today. (Bukhari: 4732)

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