Shahih Muslim - 1233

Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Muhammad bin Al Mutsanna Al 'Anzi] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Muhammad bin Abu 'Adi] dari [Said] dari [Qatadah] dari [Zurarah], bahwa [Sa'd bin Hisyam bin Amir] hendak berangkat berperang fi sabilillah. Ia lalu tiba di kota Madinah dan hendak menjual lahan pilihannya di Madinah untuk ia belikan senjata dan kuda perang, supaya dapat memerangi Romawi hingga mati. Seketika ia tiba di Madinah, ia menemui beberapa orang Madinah. Rupanya mereka melarang menjual lahan miliknya, mereka lalu mengabarinya bahwa pada saat Nabiyullah masih hidup, enam orang berniat seperti itu, namun Nabiyullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam melarangnya, beliau bersabda: "Bukankah dalam diriku terdapat teladan yang baik untukmu?" Setelah mereka menceritakan hal itu kepada Sa'd, lantas Sa'd kembali merujuk isterinya yang sebelumnya telah dicerai, setelah itu ia bertanya kepada Ibnu Abbas tentang witir Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam. Ibnu Abbas menjawab; "Maukah kuberitahukan kepadamu kepada orang yang paling tahu tentang witir Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam? Sa'ad bertanya; "Siapa? Ibnu Abbas menjawab; " ['Aisyah], datanglah kepadanya, dan bertanyalah, setelah itu datanglah kekadaku, dan beritahukanlah jawabannya kepadaku." Maka aku berangkat menemuinya, dan kudatangi Hakim bin Aflah, dan kuminta dia untuk menemui 'Aisyah. rupanya dia menjawab; "Saya bukan orang yang dekat dengan Aisyah, sebab aku pernah melarang beliau Aisyah untuk berkomentar terhadap sesuatu mengenai dua kubu kaum muslimin yang bertikai. Ternyata Aisyah enggan, dan terus berkomentar tentang dua kubu tersebut." Sa'ad berkata; "Aku pun bersumpah atasnya, hingga Hakim bersedia untuk menemuinya. Kami terus berangkat menuju Aisyah, kami meminta ijin dan Aisyah memberi ijin kepada kami, akhirnya kami menemui beliau. 'Aisyah bertanya; "Apa benar ini Hakim?" Rupanya Aisyah mengenalnya. Hakim menjawab; "Benar." Aisytah bertanya; "Lalu siapa yang bersamamu?" Hakim menjawab; "Dia adalah Sa'd bin Hisyam." Aisyah bertanya lagi; "Hisyam siapa?." Hakim menjawab; "Hisyam bin 'Amir." Akhirnya 'Aisyah tahu dan bersikap simpati terhadapnya sembari berujar; "Baiklah, kalau begitu." -Qatadah berkata; Hisyam bin Amir gugur ketika perang Uhud- lantas aku (Saad) bertanya; "Wahai Ummul mukminin, beritahukanlah kepadaku tentang akhlak Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam!.' 'Aisyah menjawab; "Bukankah engkau telah membaca Alquran?" Aku menjawab; "Benar, " Aisyah berkata; "Akhlak Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam adalah Al Quran." Sa'd berkata; "Mendengar itu, aku hendak berdiri dan tidak akan bertanya lagi tentang sesuatu kepada seseorang hingga aku meninggal, kemudian muncul dibenakku, lalu aku bertanya; "Beritahukanlah kepadaku tentang shalat malamnya Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam?" 'Aisyah balik bertanya; "Bukankah engkau pernah membaca surat Al Muzammil? Aku menjawab; "Benar" Kata Aisyah; "Allah Azza wa Jalla pernah mewajibkan qiyamullail (shalat malam) di awal surat ini turun, sehingga Nabiyullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam dan para sahabatnya mendirikannya selama setahun, dan Allah menahan penutupnya di langit selama dua belas bulan hingga Allah turunkan akhir surat ini sebagai bentuk keringanan, sehingga shalat malam menjadi sunnah setelah diwajibkan. Kata Sa'ad; "Wahai Ummul mukminin, beritahukanlah kepadaku tentang witir Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam! Jawabnya; "Kami dulu sering mempersiapkan siwaknya dan bersucinya, setelah itu Allah membangunkannya sekehendaknya untuk bangun malam. Beliau lalu bersiwak dan berwudhu` dan shalat sembilan rakaat. Beliau tidak duduk dalam kesembilan rakaat itu selain pada rakaat kedelapan, beliau menyebut nama Allah, memuji-Nya dan berdoa kepada-Nya, kemudian beliau bangkit dan tidak mengucapkan salam. Setelah itu beliau berdiri dan shalat untuk rakaat ke sembilannya. Kemudian beliau berdzikir kepada Allah, memuji-Nya dan berdoa kepada-Nya, lalu beliau mengucapkan salam dengan nyaring agar kami mendengarnya. Setelah itu beliau shalat dua rakaat setelah salam sambil duduk, itulah sebelas rakaat wahai anakku. Ketika Nabiyullah berusia lanjut dan beliau telah merasa kegemukan, beliau berwitir dengan tujuh rakaat, dan beliau lakukan dalam dua rakaatnya sebagaimana yang beliau lakukan pada yang pertama, maka itu berarti sembilan wahai anakku. Jika Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam mengerjakan shalat, maka beliau suka dikerjakan secara terus menerus (kontinyu). Jika beliau ketiduran atau sedang sakit sehingga tidak dapat melakukannya di malam hari, maka beliau shalat di waktu siangnya sebanyak dua belas rakaat, seingatku Nabiyullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam tidak pernah membaca satu mushaf (keseluruhan Alquran) dalam satu malam, tidak pula shalat malam hingga subuh, tidak pula pula puasa sebulan penuh selain bulan Ramadhan." Kata Sa'ad; "Setelah itu aku berangkat menemui Ibnu Abbas, aku lalu menceritakan kepadanya tentang haditsnya tersebut, Ibnu Abbas lalu berkata; "Aisyah benar." Kalaulah aku mendekatinya atau menemuinya, tentu aku menemuinya hingga berhadapan satu sama lain untuk menyampaikan hadits tersebut. Sa'ad melanjutkan; Aku berkata; "Sekiranya aku tahu bahwa engkau tidak menemuinya, tentu tidak aku ceritakan kepadamu hadits tersebut." Dan telah menceritakan kepada kami [Muhammad bin Al Mutsannana] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Mu'adz bin Hisyam] telah menceritakan kepadaku [Ayahku] dari [Qatadah] dari [Zurarah bin Abu Aufa] dari [Sa'id bin Hisyam], bahwa ia pernah mencerai isterinya, kemudian ia berangkat ke Madinah untuk menjual lahan pilihannya, lantas ia menyebutkan hadits yang serupa. Dan telah menceritakan kepada kami [Abu Bakr bin Abu Syaibah] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Muhammad bin Bisyr] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Said bin Abu Arubah] telah menceritakan kepada kami [Qatadah] dari [Zurarah bin Aufa] dari [Sa'd bin Hisyam] bahwa ia mengatakan; aku pergi menemui Abdullah bin Abbas dan bertanya kepadanya tentang shalat witir, lalu ia menyebutkan hadis beserta kisahnya, dan dalam haditsnya, dia menyebutkan; Aisyah bertanya; 'Hisyam siapa?" Aku menjawab; "Ibnu 'Amir." Kata 'Aisyah; "Dia adalah sebaik-baik orang." Amir gugur dalam perang Uhud. Dan telah menceritakan kepada kami [Ishaq bin Ibrahim] dan [Muhammad bin Rafi'] keduanya dari [Abdurrazaq] telah mengabarkan kepada kami [Ma'mar] dari [Qatadah] dari [Zurarah bin Aufa], bahwa [Sa'd bin Hisyam] adalah tetangganya, lantas Sa'd mengabarkan kepadanya bahwa ia telah mencerai isterinya dan ia kisahkan hadis semakna hadis Sa'id, dalam redaksinya disebutkan; Aisyah berkata; "Hisyam siapa?" Sa'd menjawab; "Hisyam bin Amir. Aisyah menjawab; "Dia adalah sebaik-baik orang, ia gugur ketika berperang bersama Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam pada perang Uhud." Dan dalam hadits tersebut disebutkan; "Maka Hakim bin Aflah berujar; "Kalaulah aku tahu bahwa engkau tidak menemuinya, tentu aku tidak menceritakan hadits ini kepadamu." (HR. Muslim: 1233)

Sa'd b. Hisham b. 'Amir decided to participate in the expedition for the sake of Allah, so he came to Medina and he decided to dispose of his property there and buy arms and horses instead and fight against the Romans to the end of his life. When he came to Medina, he met the people of Medina. They dissuaded him to do such a thing, and informed him that a group of six men had decided to do so during the lifetime of the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) and the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) forbade them to do it, and said: Is there not for you a model pattern in me? And when they narrated this to him (Sa'd b. Hisham), he returned to his wife, though he had divorced her and made (people) witness to his reconciliation. He then came to Ibn 'Abbas and asked him about the Witr of the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him). Ibn 'Abbas said: Should I not lead you to one who knows best amongst the people of the world about the Witr of the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him)? He said: Who is it? He (Ibn 'Abbas) said: It is 'A'isha. So go to her and ask her (about Witr) and then come to me and inform me about her answer that she would give you. So I came to Hakim b. Aflah and requested him to take me to her. He said: I would not go to her, for I forbade her to speak anything (about the conflict) between the two groupS, but she refused (to accept my advice) and went (to participate in that corflict). I (requested) him (Hakim) with an oath to lead me to her. So we went to 'A'isha and we begged permission to meet her. She granted us permission and we went in. She said: Are you Hakim? (She recognised him.) He replied: Yes. She said: Who is there with you? He said: He is Sa'd b. Hisham. She said: Which Hisham? He said: He is Hisham b. 'Amir. She blessed him ('Amir) with mercy from Allah and spoke good of him (Qatada said that he died as a martyr in Uhud). I said: Mother of the Faithful, tell me about the character of the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him). She said: Don't you read the Qur'an? I said: Yes. Upon this she said: The character of the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) was the Qur'an. He said: I felt inclined to get up and not ask anything (further) till death. But then I changed my mind and said: Inform me about the observance (of the night prayer) of the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him). She said: Did you not recite:" O thou wrapped up"? He said: Yes. She said: Allah, the Exalted and the Glorious, made the observance of the night prayer at the beginning of this Surah obligatory. So the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him and his Companions around him observed this (night prayer) for one year. Allah held back the concluding portion of this Surah for twelve months in the Heaven till (at the end of this period) Allah revealed the concluding verses of this Surah which lightened (the burden of this prayer), and the night prayer became a supererogatory prayer after being an obligatory one. I said: Mother of the Faithful, inform me about the Witr of the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him). She said: I used to prepare tooth stick for him and water for his ablution, and Allah would rouse him to the extent He wished during the night. He would use the tooth stick, and perform ablution, and would offer nine rak'ahs, and would not sit but in the eighth one and would remember Allah, and praise Him and supplicate Him, then he would get up without uttering the salutation and pray the ninth rak'ah. He would then sit, remember, praise Him and supplicate Him and then utter a salutation loud enough for us to hear. He would then pray two rak'ahs sitting after uttering the salutation, and that made eleven rak'ahs. O my son, but when the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) grew old and put on flesh, he observed Witr of seven, doing in the two rak'ahs as he had done formerly, and that made nine. O my son, and when the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) observed prayer, he liked to keep on observing it, and when sleep or pain overpowered him and made it impossible (for him) to observe prayer in the night, he prayed twelve rak'ahs daring the day. I am not aware of Allah's Prophet (may peace be upon him) having recited the whole Qur'an during one single night, or praying through the night till morning, or fasting a complete month, except Ramadan. He (the narrator) said: I then went to Ibn 'Abbas and narrated to him the hadith (transmitted from her), and he said: She says the truth If I went to her and got into her presence, I would have listened to it orally from her. He said: If I were to know that you do not go to her. I would not have transmitted this hadith to you narrated by her. Zurara b. Aufa said that Sa'd b. Hisham divorced his wife, and then proceeded to Medina to sell his property, and the rest of the hadith is the same. Sa'd b. Hisham reported: I went to 'Abdullah b. 'Abbas and asked him about the Witr prayer, and the rest of the hadith is the same as recorded in this event. She (Hadrat 'A'isha) said: Who is that Hisham? I said: Son of 'Amir. She said: What a fine man 'Amir was! He died as a martyr in the Battle of Uhud. Zurara b. Aufa reported that Sa'd b. Hisham was his neighbour and he informed him that he had divorced his wife and he narrated the hadith like the one transmitted by Sa'd. She ('A'isha) said: Who is Hisham? He said: The son of 'Amir. She said: What a fine man he was; he participated in the Battle of Uhud along with the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him). Hakim b. Aflah said: If I ever knew that you do not go to 'A'isha, I would not have informed you about her hadith (So that you would have gone to her and heard it from her orally). (Muslim: 1233)